was fully observant, and that his followers’ belief that he was a messiah was not dissimilar from other Jewish messianic expectations.11 Pauline scholars contend that Paul’s use of Jewish law revised that of many Jewish contemporaries or was remarkably similar.12 Several insist that he saw two communities within his churches—Jewish and gentile—and saw no problem with Jewish Jesus-followers keeping Mosaic law.13 Other scholars are now seeing the Letter to the Hebrews—long interpreted as showing a